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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A wheelchair ramp can be a valuable device to help the person you love independently at home. But if not designed correctly, they can be unsafe to use.

ADA regulations require that landings be level at any change in direction, to avoid compound slopes. They must also provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design must be in line with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs can comfortably navigate the structure. For instance, the ramp's slope must not exceed the ratio 1:12 and must have landings that are level at any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. The ramp must also be constructed out of treated lumber that is more robust and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp should be free of obstructions such as trees, bushes or other structures that may interfere with the safe passage of the ramp's user. The ramp's surface must be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require an anti-slip running surface along the entire length of the ramp.

Use treated lumber at least four inches in width for the ramp frame. To make sure the ramp is secure, build posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend below ground level. The posts should then connect with the ramp's railings by using spindles. This type of connection decreases the chance of a ramp operator slipping off the ramp.

Then, you can build the ramp's frame using beams 2 by 4 inches in size and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists are a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they are secured with Joist hangers, which are nails that bind the inside of the joists how to build a small wheelchair ramp prevent them from sliding out of place. Attach the ramp decking using framing nails.

Include an upper landing in the doorway so that the wheelchair-bound occupants are able to easily maneuver the doorswing. The landing should be wide enough to allow at least 12 to 24 inches of "elbow room" on the handle side for out-swing doors. The landing for doors that are in-swinging should be 58 x 60 inches to accommodate the threshold of the door as well as wheelchair users who need to go backwards through the doorway.

Install a level landing whenever you change in the direction of the ramp to prevent the need for wheelchairs to slam on their brakes when turning corners. A level landing makes it easier to move the ramp out of the way when needed so that lawnmowers and other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

The material used to construct a wheelchair ramp can be either concrete, wood or aluminum. A professional ramp installation company can assist you in deciding which is best for your business or home. When choosing the material to use for the ramp, it is important to take into account your budget and requirements. The ramp should be easy to maintain and safe for use. Certain cities require that the ramp be paved with a non-slip surface.

Before you purchase any building materials or begin building, be sure that you have the required permits from your local government, and that you comply with all building codes in your area. Utilizing the incorrect materials or construction techniques can lead to dangerous conditions for wheelchair users. You can find current construction guidelines in your local building department of the government library, or on the internet.

Wood ramps are usually the most affordable of ADA ramp materials, however they require more care than other options. The wood ramp's surface must be regularly treated with a sealer to avoid rot and warping. Wood can splinter and can be dangerous for people who use wheelchairs. Wood ramps can require additional support to keep the structure standing and steady.

Concrete ramps can be expensive however they are durable and last for a long time. They are also heavy, which means more effort to install and can make moving the ramp when it is no longer needed difficult. Concrete ramps can withstand the light weight wheelchair ramps of large Power Wheelchair Ramps wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are less heavy and less expensive than concrete or steel. They also have the same durability, strength and resistance to corrosion. They are also cheaper than iron and steel, making them an excellent option for those with a tight budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly because it is naturally found in the Earth's crust and can be recycled.

The upper landing of the ramp should be at a level, or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow for the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to pass over it without becoming stuck. Ramps with gaps that is larger than this will not conform to ADA standards. Also, ensure that the ramp moves smoothly between the upper landing and the ground. The ramp's last section should have a beveled edge to ensure that wheelchairs don't stop abruptly when entering or leaving the home.

Installation

A wheelchair ramp is an inclined plane that is erected on top of or instead of stairs. It lets wheelchair users and those who use carts or strollers to access areas that are otherwise difficult to reach like an entranceway or a set up of steep steps.

When choosing a wheelchair access ramp, there are many aspects to take into consideration, including the location, height and price. The ramp should be located close to the door to avoid unnecessary travel. It should also be placed at an angle that is easy to use by the person using it. It should be securely fixed to the floor and free of obstructions, such as car parks, shrubs or other obstacles.

ADA regulations require that ramps must have handrails either side. These rails should be at least 36 inches apart and have a gripping surface that is smooth or rounded. In addition, they must be attached to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches beyond the ramp edge. Handrails must be continuous when the ramp is designed with switchbacks, or in an L-shaped layout.

The length of a ramp is contingent on the incline, but there are several common ramps that are suitable for most situations. A threshold ramp, for example is placed flush against the curb's lip or the threshold of the doorway. portable wheelchair ramps for home ramps are however, can be moved to another place and come in different sizes. Modular aluminum ramps can also be built on-site. These are usually used for commercial or public spaces and are usually longer than the threshold and portable ramps.

Consult with your city's building department to determine the need for a permit for an ongoing ramp. It's recommended to consult a mobility expert to find out what type ramp will be the most suitable for your needs and the space you have. In some cases the installation of a permanent ramp can even increase the resale value of your home.

Maintenance

It is essential to keep your ramp for wheelchairs in good condition, especially if it will be used regularly. You'll need to conduct regular inspections and address any structural issues as they arise. This will help ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Regular cleaning of wooden ramps is essential to remove debris and dirt that can hinder access. Keep the ramp clean to avoid moisture from accumulating beneath the surface. This could cause decay. Preservatives and stains for wood can only be effective if the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned prior to applying.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more likely wear and tear. The most important thing to do is ensure that you have the appropriate tools to complete the task. A set of gauge spanners as well as screwdrivers will be essential for making sure all fixings are secure and secure. It is also important to regularly check the handrails to ensure that they are in a good condition and do not show signs of damage or corrosion. It's possible that over time, with repeated usage and use, the fittings and bolts that secure the handrails may loosen and pose an extremely dangerous risk for those who use the ramp.

Another important factor is ensuring the ramp's surface is grippy, especially in winter, when conditions can be difficult. You'll need to remove any leaves, dirt and other debris that may obstruct the surface and cause slippage. You'll also want to apply an ice melt that is non-corrosive on the ramp surface to prevent injuries and slipping.

Consider buying "snow tires" or traction wheels for your wheelchair if you are planning to use it for the duration of the winter. These wheels are designed to be more efficient on snowy surfaces and uneven surfaces. They can help you remain on your ramp longer than standard wheelchair tires. You can also make use of heating pads or heating tape to melt snow and ice on the ramp prior to it accumulates.